LC 98. Validate Binary Search Tree

Alen Alex · February 7, 2024

LeetCode Link: 98. Validate Binary Search Tree
Language: C#

Problem Statement

Given the root of a binary tree, determine if it is a valid binary search tree (BST).

A valid BST is defined as follows:

  • The left subtree of a node contains only nodes with keys less than the node’s key.
  • The right subtree of a node contains only nodes with keys greater than the node’s key.
  • Both the left and right subtrees must also be binary search trees.

Examples

Example 1:

img1
Input: root = [2,1,3]
Output: true

Example 2:

img2
Input: root = [5,1,4,null,null,3,6]
Output: false
Explanation: The root node’s value is 5 but its right child’s value is 4.

Constraints

  • The number of nodes in the tree is in the range [1, 104].
  • -231 <= Node.val <= 231 - 1

Solution

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * public class TreeNode {
 *     public int val;
 *     public TreeNode left;
 *     public TreeNode right;
 *     public TreeNode(int val=0, TreeNode left=null, TreeNode right=null) {
 *         this.val = val;
 *         this.left = left;
 *         this.right = right;
 *     }
 * }
 */

Approach 1

public class Solution 
{
    List<int> list = new List<int>();

    public bool IsValidBST(TreeNode root) 
    {
        Inorder(root);

        for (int i=1; i<list.Count(); i++)
        {
            if (list[i-1] >= list[i])
            {
                return false;
            }
        }

        return true;
    }

    private void Inorder(TreeNode root)
    {
        if (root is null)
        {
            return;
        }

        Inorder(root.left);
        list.Add(root.val);
        Inorder(root.right);
    }
}

Approach 2

public class Solution 
{
    public bool IsValidBST(TreeNode root) 
    {
        return Validate(root, null, null);
    }

    private bool Validate(TreeNode root, int? low, int? high)
    {
        if (root is null) 
        {
            return true;
        }

        if ((low != null && low >= root.val) || 
            (high != null && high <= root.val))
        {
            return false;
        }

        return Validate(root.left, low, root.val) && 
                Validate(root.right, root.val, high);
    }
}

Complexity

Time Complexity: O(N)
Space Complexity: O(N)

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